Works :
The Importance of Carbon Capture and Storage
– Addressing climate change: Reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through direct CO₂ capture and storage is one of the key tools for limiting global warming.
– Complementing emission reduction approaches: When preventive greenhouse gas reduction technologies are insufficient, CCUS can serve as part of medium- to long-term solutions to achieve international agreement targets.
– Utilization in high-emission industries: Heavy industries such as steel, cement, and power generation can significantly reduce CO₂ emissions through CCUS, aligning with regulatory requirements and advanced accreditation processes.
– Economic and technological benefits: By improving energy efficiency and enabling CO₂ reuse or the production of valuable low-carbon products, the return on investment of large industrial projects increases, and the carbon capture and storage technology supply chain is strengthened.
– Environmental sustainability and air quality: Reducing CO₂ emissions while improving air quality and mitigating global warming effects contributes to ecosystem protection and public health.
Structure of Key CCUS Technologies
– CO₂ Capture
Using chemical, membrane, physical absorbents, and specialized compounds, CO₂ is separated from gas streams.
– Secure and sealed
transportation
Captured CO₂ is transferred to storage tanks or reuse units, preventing re-emission.
– Storage or reuse
CO₂ is stored in geological reservoirs, rock formations, or industrial compounds, or reused in various product forms.
Challenges and Strategic Considerations
– Energy consumption and cost: The energy required for gas capture and compression can increase costs; energy optimization and economic design are critical.
– Storage safety and stability: Leakage risks and long-term storage integrity must be carefully managed.
– Regulatory frameworks and carbon markets: Project success depends on local regulations and the availability of carbon markets and financial incentives.
Carbon Storage Methods
1. Biological
Natural CO₂ absorption by plants and soil
Example: afforestation, carbon-focused agriculture
2. Geological
Injection of CO₂ into depleted oil and gas
reservoirs or saline aquifers
Example: Northern European projects
